Trinidad and Tobago Past and Present

Trinidad and Tobago are two islands with very different histories and cultures, united by politics

United to Last

The islands of Trinidad and Tobago are unique in their history among Caribbean islands. While their separate histories have led to differences between each of the islands and have created two distinct cultures, together they have affected the nation's economy.

Columbus discovered Trinidad and claimed it for Spain. The island's native Indians were exported as slaves to mine gold in other Spanish territories, including Mexico. Conversely, Tobago went unclaimed for several hundred years after being discovered.  The islands are located between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, encompassing a total area of 1,978 square miles. 

Many European nations fought for both islands, but the British walked away with Trinidad and Tobago around the turn of the 19th century. Once under British control, the islands still remained separate entities. Tobago was already affiliated with other British islands politically, and was then joined with Trinidad by request.  Today, Trinidad and Tobago share governmental responsibilities, under a bicameral republic.  The President is the head of state, kept in check by the Parliament, which is headed by a Prime Minister.  

The culture of Trinidad has been the stronger of the two islands. Carnival originated on this island and spread to become one of the region's most famed cultural celebrations. This fun-loving lifestyle has dominated Trinidad, while Tobago is home to a more laid-back lifestyle.

Music has always gone hand-in-hand with Carnival celebrations, and is a truly important aspect of island culture. Calypso, soca, and other musical styles that have become popular throughout the country, even if they haven't made it to worldwide popularity, have played an important role historically, as well.

Neither island had natural gold deposits, but Trinidad and Tobago do have something equally important: oil. This black gold has supported the islands' economy for years. Agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism have also had a part in the country's economic development.  Though the tourism industry plays a smaller role in Trinidad and Tobago than it does on other Caribbean islands, it is still an important one.  The islands boast over 4 thousand hotel rooms, and sees over 200 thousand visitors each year during tourist season - a significant number of these guests arriving during Carnival.  

Throughout the islands' relatively peaceful history, a distinct culture has developed. However, while Trinidad and Tobago are culturally rich, their economy is poor. In recent years the struggle has been toward a better life for island inhabitants.  The tourism industry has helped to do this, and visitors can enjoy their vacation knowing that they are not only relaxing in a tropical paradise, but contributing to Trinidad and Tobago's economy as well.


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